What portion of future jobs will require postsecondary education? And how will the rise of AI influence the demand for advanced degrees?

The future of work is a topic of immense speculation and debate, particularly as technological advancements, globalization, and shifting economic landscapes continue to reshape industries. One of the most pressing questions is: What portion of future jobs will require postsecondary education? While the answer is complex and multifaceted, it is clear that the demand for higher education will continue to grow, albeit in ways that may differ from traditional expectations. Simultaneously, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation introduces a paradoxical twist: while some jobs may require advanced degrees, others may become obsolete or transformed, raising questions about the true value of postsecondary education in the future workforce.

The Growing Demand for Postsecondary Education

1. The Skills Gap and Technological Advancements
   As industries evolve, the skills required to succeed in the workforce are becoming increasingly specialized. Jobs in fields such as data science, cybersecurity, biotechnology, and renewable energy demand a deep understanding of complex concepts, which are often acquired through postsecondary education. According to a report by the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, by 2031, 72% of jobs in the U.S. will require some form of postsecondary education or training. This trend is driven by the rapid pace of technological innovation, which necessitates a workforce capable of adapting to new tools and methodologies.

2. The Shift Toward Knowledge-Based Economies
   The global economy is transitioning from manufacturing-based to knowledge-based, where intellectual capital and innovation are the primary drivers of growth. In this context, postsecondary education serves as a gateway to acquiring the critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills that are essential in knowledge-intensive industries. Countries with higher rates of postsecondary education attainment, such as South Korea and Canada, are better positioned to compete in this new economic paradigm.

3. The Role of Credentialism
   In many industries, postsecondary credentials have become a de facto requirement for entry-level positions. This phenomenon, known as credentialism, reflects employers’ reliance on degrees as a proxy for competence and reliability. While this trend has been criticized for creating barriers to entry for underrepresented groups, it underscores the growing importance of postsecondary education in the job market.

The Paradox of AI and Automation

1. AI as a Disruptive Force
   The rise of AI and automation is reshaping the labor market in profound ways. While these technologies have the potential to increase productivity and create new job opportunities, they also threaten to displace workers in routine and repetitive roles. For example, jobs in manufacturing, retail, and administrative support are particularly vulnerable to automation. This raises the question: Will the demand for postsecondary education increase as a result of AI, or will it render certain degrees obsolete?

2. The Need for Reskilling and Lifelong Learning
   As AI continues to advance, the concept of a “job for life” is becoming increasingly outdated. Workers will need to engage in continuous learning and reskilling to remain competitive in the job market. Postsecondary institutions will play a crucial role in providing the education and training necessary for individuals to adapt to these changes. However, this also highlights the need for more flexible and accessible forms of education, such as online courses and micro-credentials.

3. The Emergence of New Roles
   While AI may eliminate some jobs, it will also create new ones that require advanced technical skills. For instance, roles in AI development, machine learning engineering, and data analysis are expected to grow significantly in the coming years. These positions typically require postsecondary education, further driving demand for higher learning. At the same time, the integration of AI into various industries may lead to the creation of hybrid roles that combine technical expertise with domain-specific knowledge, such as AI ethics consultants or healthcare data analysts.

The Role of Postsecondary Education in a Changing World

1. Beyond Technical Skills: The Importance of Soft Skills
   While technical skills are undeniably important, the future workforce will also need strong soft skills, such as communication, collaboration, and emotional intelligence. Postsecondary education provides an environment where students can develop these skills through group projects, internships, and extracurricular activities. As AI takes over routine tasks, these human-centric skills will become increasingly valuable.

2. The Value of a Liberal Arts Education
   In a world dominated by technology, the humanities and social sciences offer a unique perspective that complements technical expertise. A liberal arts education fosters creativity, critical thinking, and cultural awareness—qualities that are essential for addressing complex global challenges. As such, postsecondary institutions that offer a well-rounded education will continue to play a vital role in preparing students for the future.

3. The Need for Equity and Accessibility
   As the demand for postsecondary education grows, it is essential to ensure that all individuals have access to affordable and high-quality education. This includes addressing systemic barriers that prevent underrepresented groups from pursuing higher education, such as financial constraints and lack of support systems. By promoting equity and accessibility, postsecondary institutions can help create a more inclusive and diverse workforce.

Conclusion

The question of what portion of future jobs will require postsecondary education is inextricably linked to broader trends in technology, economics, and society. While the demand for higher education is likely to increase, the nature of that demand will evolve in response to the rise of AI and automation. Postsecondary institutions must adapt to these changes by offering flexible, accessible, and relevant education that equips students with the skills they need to thrive in a rapidly changing world. At the same time, policymakers, employers, and educators must work together to ensure that the benefits of postsecondary education are available to all, regardless of background or circumstance.

Related Q&A

1. Q: Will AI reduce the need for postsecondary education?
   A: While AI may automate certain tasks, it is unlikely to reduce the overall need for postsecondary education. Instead, it will shift the focus toward advanced technical skills and lifelong learning.

2. Q: What industries will see the highest demand for postsecondary education?
   A: Industries such as technology, healthcare, engineering, and education are expected to have the highest demand for postsecondary-educated workers.

3. Q: How can postsecondary institutions prepare students for AI-driven jobs?
   A: Institutions can integrate AI-related coursework, offer interdisciplinary programs, and emphasize the development of soft skills and critical thinking.

4. Q: Is a traditional four-year degree still valuable in the future job market?
   A: While traditional degrees remain valuable, alternative forms of education, such as online courses and certifications, are becoming increasingly important for meeting the demands of the future workforce.